Retinal age (deep-learning retinal aging clock)

imaging method · published 2023 · measured from retina (fundus image)

imaging open Output: Retinal age; retinal age gap (retinal age minus chronological age)

Facts

Method type	imaging
Published	2023
Sample type	retina (fundus image)
Output	Retinal age; retinal age gap (retinal age minus chronological age)
Validated population	UK Biobank participants with retinal fundus imaging
Open or commercial	open
Formula publicly available	No

Required inputs

Fundus (retinal) photograph

Original publication

Zhu Z, Shi D, Guankai P, Tan Z, Shang X, Hu W, Liao H, Zhang X, Huang Y, Yu H, Meng W, Wang W, Ge Z, Yang X, He M. Retinal age gap as a predictive biomarker for mortality risk. Br J Ophthalmol. 2023;107(4):547-554.
DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-319807 · PMID: 35042683

Limitations

A deep-learning model, not a closed-form formula — outputs depend on the specific trained network and image quality/device.
Requires fundus photography equipment; not accessible without an eye-imaging visit.